Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Fürstentum Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (German) | |||||||||||
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| 1269–1815 | |||||||||||
Coat of arms
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The Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in 1789 | |||||||||||
| Status | State of the Holy Roman Empire (until 1806) | ||||||||||
| Capital | Brunswick (1235–1432, 1753–1815) Wolfenbüttel (1432–1753) | ||||||||||
| Common languages | Low German, German | ||||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic | ||||||||||
| Government | Principality | ||||||||||
| Historical era | |||||||||||
• Partitioned from Brunswick-Lüneburg | 1269 | ||||||||||
• Acquired by Göttingen; Grubenhagen split off | 1292 | ||||||||||
• Re-partitioned from Göttingen | 1344 | ||||||||||
• Calenberg split off | 1432 | ||||||||||
| 1484–95 | |||||||||||
• Joined Saxon Circle (Lower Saxon Circle from 1512) | 1500 | ||||||||||
• Regained Calenberg and Göttingen | 1584 | ||||||||||
• Occupied Grubenhagen | 1596–1617 | ||||||||||
• Wolfenbüttel line extinct; Calenberg and Göttingen to House of Hanover | 1635 | ||||||||||
• Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern split off | 1667–1735 | ||||||||||
• Annexed to the Kingdom of Westphalia (Napoleonic Wars) | 1807–1813 | ||||||||||
• Formally re-established as the Duchy of Brunswick | 1815 | ||||||||||
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The Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German: Fürstentum Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel) was a subdivision of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, whose history was characterised by numerous divisions and reunifications. It had an area of 3,828 square kilometres in the mid 17th century. Various dynastic lines of the House of Welf ruled Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel until the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. As a result of the Congress of Vienna, its successor state, the Duchy of Brunswick, was created in 1815.