Armenian cochineal

Armenian cochineal
Porphyrophora hamelii (female)
Porphyrophora hamelii (male)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
Family: Margarodidae
Genus: Porphyrophora
Species:
P. hamelii
Binomial name
Porphyrophora hamelii
Brandt, 1833
Synonyms 
  • Porphyrophora hameli Brandt, 1834 (revived by Jakubski, 1965)
  • Porphyrophora armeniaca Burmeister, 1835
  • Coccus radicis Meyer, 1856
  • Margarodes hameli Cockerell, 1902 and Fernald, 1903
  • Coccionella armeniaca Lindinger, 1954
  • Coccionella hamelii Lindinger, 1954
  • Coccionella hameli Lindinger, 1954

The Armenian cochineal (Porphyrophora hamelii), also known as the Ararat cochineal or Ararat scale, is a scale insect indigenous to the Ararat plain and Aras (Araks) River valley in the Armenian Highlands, including eastern Turkey. It was historically used to produce an eponymous crimson carmine dyestuff known in Armenia as vordan karmir (Armenian: որդան կարմիր, literally "worm's red") and in Persia as kirmiz. The species is critically endangered within Armenia.

P. hamelii is in a different taxonomic family from the cochineal found in the Americas. Both insects produce red dyestuffs that are also commonly called cochineal.