Phonemic orthography

Not to be confused with Phonemic transcription.

A phonemic orthography is an orthography in which the graphemes correspond consistently to the language's phonemes, or more generally to the language's diaphonemes. Phonemic orthographies have the highest possible level of orthographic depth, as they have exact grapheme to phoneme correspondence.

For a systemic analysis of the phoneme/grapheme correspondence, Petr Sgall distinguishes two conditions, both of which are to be satisfied for a phonemic orthography:

  • in any context, a given grapheme is pronounced as the same phoneme ("uniqueness of pronunciation")
  • in any context, a given phoneme is written with the same grapheme ("uniqueness of spelling")
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