PTEN (gene)

PTEN
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4O1V, 1D5R, 2KYL, 5BZX, 5BUG, 5BZZ
Identifiers
Aliases	PTEN, 10q23del, BZS, CWS1, DEC, GLM2, MHAM, MMAC1, PTEN1, TEP1, phosphatase and tensin homolog, Phosphatase and tensin homolog, PTENbeta
External IDs	OMIM: 601728; MGI: 109583; HomoloGene: 265; GeneCards: PTEN; OMA:PTEN - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (human)
End	87,971,930 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)
End	32,803,560 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	sperm; ; endothelial cell; ; Achilles tendon; ; skin of arm; ; pancreatic epithelial cell; ; middle temporal gyrus; ; parietal pleura; ; mucosa of ileum; ; cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium; ; visceral pleura;
	Top expressed in
	arcuate nucleus; ; intercostal muscle; ; median eminence; ; olfactory tubercle; ; granulocyte; ; human fetus; ; Rostral migratory stream; ; ankle; ; calvaria; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	phosphoprotein phosphatase activity; phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity; phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphatase activity; protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity; protein tyrosine phosphatase activity; protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity; enzyme binding; platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding; protein binding; protein kinase binding; phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity; anaphase-promoting complex binding; identical protein binding; hydrolase activity; lipid binding; ubiquitin-specific protease binding; ionotropic glutamate receptor binding; protein tyrosine kinase binding; inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase activity; PDZ domain binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; postsynaptic membrane; extracellular region; mitochondrion; neuron projection; cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane; nucleus; cell projection; dendritic spine; myelin sheath adaxonal region; Schmidt-Lanterman incisure; apical plasma membrane; plasma membrane; PML body; nucleoplasm; cytosol; postsynaptic cytosol;
Biological process	multicellular organismal response to stress; regulation of neuron projection development; response to zinc ion; positive regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway; response to organic substance; negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; regulation of B cell apoptotic process; angiogenesis; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; long-term depression; positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential; cell population proliferation; response to ethanol; neuron projection development; cellular response to hypoxia; negative regulation of cell size; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; prepulse inhibition; regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process; male mating behavior; locomotory behavior; dentate gyrus development; positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway; inositol phosphate metabolic process; response to arsenic-containing substance; memory; forebrain morphogenesis; dendritic spine morphogenesis; development of the heart; central nervous system development; negative regulation of axonogenesis; regulation of cellular localization; synapse maturation; learning or memory; social behavior; synapse assembly; cellular response to decreased oxygen levels; prostate gland growth; platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis; brain morphogenesis; negative regulation of protein phosphorylation; regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity; regulation of cellular component size; response to nutrient; negative regulation of synaptic vesicle clustering; postsynaptic density assembly; protein dephosphorylation; protein stabilization; positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; negative regulation of apoptotic process; response to glucose; nervous system development; adult behavior; phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylation; positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; response to inorganic substance; canonical Wnt signaling pathway; phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process; negative regulation of organ growth; negative regulation of ribosome biogenesis; dephosphorylation; locomotor rhythm; central nervous system myelin maintenance; regulation of axon regeneration; response to estradiol; response to ATP; negative regulation of phagocytosis; response to organic cyclic compound; protein kinase B signaling; cardiac muscle tissue development; lipid metabolism; ageing; neuron-neuron synaptic transmission; negative regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential; presynaptic membrane assembly; regulation of cell cycle; Maternal behavior; rhythmic synaptic transmission; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of apoptotic process; negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; cell migration; negative regulation of myelination; inositol phosphate dephosphorylation; regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic; endothelial cell migration; central nervous system neuron axonogenesis; long-term potentiation; peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation; negative regulation of axon regeneration; negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation; positive regulation of ubiquitin protein ligase activity; protein deubiquitination; negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition; negative regulation of keratinocyte migration; cellular response to electrical stimulus; negative regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells; negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling; positive regulation of gene expression; positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process; response to activity; cellular response to insulin stimulus; cellular response to leptin stimulus; positive regulation of neuron differentiation; cellular response to ethanol; negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity; cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus; cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus; negative regulation of signaling receptor activity; negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling; apoptotic process; negative regulation of cell migration; regulation of protein stability; negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly; negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter; negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity; negative regulation of neuron projection development;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5728
	19211
	ENSG00000171862; ENSG00000284792
	ENSMUSG00000013663
	P60484
	O08586
	NM_000314; NM_001304717; NM_001304718
	NM_008960; NM_177096
	NP_000305; NP_001291646; NP_001291647; NP_000305.3
	NP_032986
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is a gene found in humans which encodes for the protein PTEN, also known as phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. PTEN acts as a tumor suppressor gene through the action of its phosphatase protein product. Mutations of this gene are linked to many cancers, specifically glioblastoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. Genes corresponding to PTEN (orthologs) have been identified in most mammals for which complete genome data are available.

The PTEN protein contains both a tensin-like domain and a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity phosphatases. Unlike most protein tyrosine phosphatases, the PTEN protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. Specifically, it catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). Decreased PIP3 levels, in turn, lead to decreased activation of the Akt/PKB signaling pathway, an important pathway in cell growth, survival, and proliferation.