P50 (neuroscience)

P50 is a mid-latency, positive-going auditory evoked potential that peaks approximately 40–75 ms after the onset of an auditory stimulus, most prominently at central scalp locations such as Cz. When measured with a paired-stimulus (paired-click) paradigm, suppression of the P50 response to a repeated stimulus is commonly used as an index of sensory gating, that is, pre-attentive filtering of redundant or irrelevant sensory input.

In clinical and translational research, the P50 sensory gating measure has been studied most extensively in schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, where reduced suppression of the second P50 response (higher P50 ratios) is one of several proposed electrophysiological endophenotypes. P50 gating has also been examined in a range of other psychiatric and neurological conditions, as well as across development and different sleep–wake and medication states.

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