Isotopes of oxygen

There are three known stable isotopes of oxygen (₈O): ¹⁶
O, ¹⁷
O, and ¹⁸
O. Radioisotopes are known from ¹¹O to ²⁸O (particle-bound from mass number 13 to 24), and the most stable are ¹⁵
O with half-life 122.27 seconds and ¹⁴
O with half-life 70.62 seconds. All remaining radioisotopes are even shorter in lifetime. The four heaviest known isotopes (up to ²⁸
O) decay by neutron emission to ²⁴
O, whose half-life is 77 milliseconds; ²⁴O, along with ²⁸Ne, have been used in the model of reactions in the crust of neutron stars. The most common decay mode for isotopes lighter than the stable isotopes is β⁺ decay to nitrogen, and the most common mode after is β⁻ decay to fluorine.