Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom

Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
	Part of the Hawaiian Rebellions (1887–1895)
	; The USS Boston's landing force on duty at the Arlington Hotel, Honolulu, at the time of the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy, January 1893. Lieutenant Lucien Young, USN, commanded the detachment, and is presumably the officer at right.
Date	January 17, 1893
Location	Honolulu, Hawaii
Result	United States victory Surrender of the Hawaiian Kingdom; Queen Liliʻuokalani relinquishes power; Provisional Government, later renamed a Republic, established; Hawaii organized into a territory, then a state of the United States;
Belligerents
Committee of Safety; United States	Hawaiian Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Lorrin A. Thurston; John L. Stevens;	Queen Liliʻuokalani; Samuel Nowlein; Charles B. Wilson;
Strength
Committee of Safety; ~200 Honolulu Rifles; United States 1 cruiser, USS Boston; 162 US Navy and USMC personnel;	496 troops; Several volunteers; 85–110 Police; 322–337 Royal Guard 50–65 at ʻIolani Palace; 272 at ʻIolani Barracks; 8–14 artillery pieces; 1 Gatling gun; ;
Casualties and losses
None	1 wounded

The Hawaiian Kingdom was overthrown in a coup d'état against Queen Liliʻuokalani that took place on January 17, 1893, on the island of Oahu. The coup was led by the Committee of Safety, composed of seven foreign-born permanent residents and six Hawaiian-born people in Honolulu. There was no Hawaiian army so the victorious Committee asked American minister John L. Stevens for US Marines. He sent in Marines and sailors to protect the new government, and to ward off a Japanese invasion. The committee established the independent nation of the Republic of Hawaii, but their ultimate goal was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which occurred in 1898.

The 1993 Apology Resolution by the US Congress concedes that "the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii occurred with the active participation of agents and citizens of the United States and [...] the Native Hawaiian people never directly relinquished to the United States their claims to their inherent sovereignty as a people over their national lands, either through the Hawaiian Kingdom or through a plebiscite or referendum". Debates regarding the event play an important role in the Hawaiian sovereignty movement.