Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research

Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research of Iran
(S. P. N. D.)
سازمان پژوهش و نوآوری دفاعی (سپند)
Abbreviation	S. P. N. D.
Nickname	SEPAND
Pronunciation	Sazman-e Pazhouheshhaye Novin-e Defa’i ;
Established	2011
Founder	Mohsen Fakhrizadeh
Founded at	Malek-Ashtar University of Technology
Type	Governmental Organization
Legal status	Active foundation
Purpose	Extend defensive sciences and technologies of Islamic Republic of Iran
Professional title	Sepand; سپند
Headquarters	Nobonyad neighborhood, Tehran, Iran
Location	Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz, Zahedan, Ahvaz, Islamic Republic of Iran;
Coordinates	35°46′52″N 51°29′35″E / 35.78108°N 51.49309°E
Services	Nuclear radiopharmaceutical production; Carrier military drones production; Ballistic and cruise missiles engineerings; Production of nuclear submarines; Development of heavy explosive devices; ...; etc.;
Official language	Persian
Owner	Government of Islamic Republic of Iran
Head	Brigadier general Pasdar Reza Mozaffari Nia X
Key people	Mohsen Fakhrizadeh; Akbar Motalebizadeh; Saeed Borji;
Publication	Interdisciplinary Studies on Strategic Knowledge
Parent organization	Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics of Iran; Malek-Ashtar University of Technology;
Subsidiaries	Shahid Karimi Group

The Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research or S.P.N.D. (Persian: سازمان پژوهش‌های نوین دفاعی, romanized: Sazman-e Pazhouheshhaye Novin-e Defa’i and abbreviated سازمان سپند) is a research and development agency of Iran's Ministry of Defence responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the military. According to Iranian media, it is the Iranian counterpart of the American DARPA.