Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Images, from top down, left to right: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Commemorative Walk monument, Y-12 National Security Complex, Melton Hill Lake, American Museum of Science and Energy, International Friendship Bell, The Chapel on the Hill
Nicknames: 
The Atomic City,
The Secret City,
The City Behind a Fence
Motto: 
"The Vision Lives On"
Location of Oak Ridge in Anderson and Roane Counties, Tennessee.
Coordinates: 36°0′37″N 84°16′11″W / 36.01028°N 84.26972°W / 36.01028; -84.26972
CountryUnited States
StateTennessee
CountiesAnderson, Roane
Established1942
Incorporated1959
Government
 • TypeCouncil-manager (under home-rule charter)
 • MayorWarren Gooch (D)
 • City ManagerRandall Hemann
 • City Council
List of Councilmembers
Area
 • Total
89.95 sq mi (232.98 km2)
 • Land85.25 sq mi (220.80 km2)
 • Water4.70 sq mi (12.18 km2)
 • Rank134th US
Elevation
850 ft (260 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
31,402
 • Density368.3/sq mi (142.22/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP codes
37830-37831
Area code865
FIPS code47-55120
Websitewww.oakridgetn.gov

Oak Ridge is a city in Anderson and Roane counties in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Tennessee, about 25 miles (40 km) west of downtown Knoxville. Oak Ridge's population was 31,402 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Knoxville Metropolitan Area. Oak Ridge's nicknames include the Atomic City, the Secret City, and the City Behind a Fence.

In 1942, the U.S. government forcibly purchased nearly 60,000 acres (240 km2) of farmland in the Clinch River valley for the development of a planned city supporting 75,000 residents. It was constructed with assistance from architectural and engineering firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, from 1942 to 1943. Oak Ridge was established in 1942 as a production site for the Manhattan Project—the massive American, British, and Canadian operation that developed the atomic bomb. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Y-12 National Security Complex, and several private nuclear and scientific facilities are still in Oak Ridge, and scientific and technological development plays a crucial role in its economy and culture. In 2016, the element tennessine was named for Tennessee, in recognition of the role Oak Ridge and other institutions in the state played in its discovery.