João I of Kongo

João I of Kongo
Awenekongo of the Lukeni Nkanda
Manikongo of the Kingdom of Kongo
Reign1470–1509
PredecessorNkuwu a Ntinu of Kongo
SuccessorNzinga-a-Mvemba Afonso I
BornNzinga-a-Nkuwu
c. 1440
Died1509 (aged 68–69)
SpouseNzinga a Nlaza
IssueNzinga-a-Mvemba Afonso I
HouseKilukeni
FatherNkuwu a Ntinu of Kongo dia Ntotila
Religion

King João I (born Nzinga-a-Nkuwu; c. 1440 – 1509) was the 5th ManiKongo of the Kingdom of Kongo (Kongo: Kongo-dia-Ntotila) between 1470 and 1509. After Portuguese sailors visited his kingdom, he voluntarily briefly converted to Catholicism. He was baptised on 3 May 1491 and took the Portuguese Christian name of João. Soon after, ManiKongo Nzinga-a-Nkuwu João I abandoned the new faith in 1495 for a number of reasons, one of them being the Catholic Church's requirement of monogamy. Politically, he could not afford to abandon polygamy and embrace monogamy, a cultural shift that the king could not contemplate as power in Kongo was elective, rather than hereditary as in Europe; as Kongo culture followed a matrilineality structure, where the elder son of the king is not automatically the next king.