Nuclear power in the European Union

This article is about nuclear power in the whole European Union. For nuclear energy policy in individual member states, see Nuclear energy policy by country.

As of 2025, Nuclear power in the European Union accounted for approximately 22% of total electricity production and nearly one-third of low-carbon energy production across the EU.

The energy policies of the European Union (EU) member countries vary significantly. As of October 2025, 12 out of 27 countries have operating nuclear reactors. The countries with reactors are: Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Hungary, Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden, with Germany having phased out their nuclear power in April 2023. The United Kingdom (a former member of the European Union with interconnected electricity links with the EU) also operates nuclear reactors.

As of November 2021, 5 member countries jointly urged the European Commission to keep nuclear power out of the EU's green finance taxonomy; namely the countries are Germany, Austria, Portugal, Denmark, Luxembourg. As they collectively comprise less than 19% of the member states & less than 25% of the overall European Union population, they would be unable to block the European Commission's recommendations to include both natural gas and nuclear power within the EU's green finance taxonomy.

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