Nisba (onomastics)
In Arabic names, a nisba (Arabic: نسبة nisbah, "attribution"), also rendered as nesba or nesbat, is an adjective surname indicating the person's place of origin, ancestral tribe, or ancestry, used at the end of the surname. Examples of this suffix included at the end of a surname include: -at (eg: Obeidat), -i (eg: Al Masri), -awi (eg: Badawi) -iyy for males and -iyyah for females,
Nisba, originally an Arabic word, has been passed to many other languages such as Turkish, Persian, Bengali, Hindi and Urdu.
In Persian and Turkish, it is always pronounced and written as nisbat. In Arabic usage, that pronunciation occurs when the word is uttered in its construct state only.