Elections in Bangladesh

Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiya Sangsad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The prime minister is the head of the government. The president is the head of the state and is elected by the parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.

Bangladesh has a two-party system that has evolved over time since the 1991 general election. Two political parties or coalitions dominate the elections, making it difficult for anybody to achieve electoral success under the banner of any other party. Since 2026, two dominant parties are Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) and Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami.

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