Newcastle, New South Wales

Newcastle
Mulubinba
Newcastle
The location of Newcastle in New South Wales
Coordinates: 32°55′50″S 151°45′15″E / 32.93056°S 151.75417°E / -32.93056; 151.75417
CountryAustralia
StateNew South Wales
RegionHunter
LGAs
Location
Established1804
Government
 • State electorate
 • Federal divisions
Area
 • Total
1,179.1 km2 (455.3 sq mi)
Elevation
9 m (30 ft)
Population
 • Totals508,437 (2021 census)(Significant Urban Area) (7th)
348,539 (2021 census)(Urban Centre)
 • Density431.208/km2 (1,116.82/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+10:00 (AEST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+11:00 (AEDT)
CountyNorthumberland
Mean max temp22.2 °C (72.0 °F)
Mean min temp15.1 °C (59.2 °F)
Annual rainfall1,034.5 mm (40.73 in)

Newcastle, also known as Greater Newcastle (locally /ˈnjkɑːsəl/ NEW-kah-səl; Awabakal: Mulubinba), is a large metropolitan area and the second-most-populous such area of New South Wales, Australia. It includes the cities of Newcastle and Lake Macquarie and it is the hub of the Lower Hunter region, which includes most parts of the cities of Newcastle, Lake Macquarie, Maitland, Cessnock, and Port Stephens Council. Newcastle is also known by its colloquial nickname, Newy. A Newcastle resident can also be known as a Novocastrian.

Located at the mouth of the Hunter River, it is the predominant city within the Hunter Region. Famous for its coal, Newcastle is the largest coal exporting harbour in the world, exporting 143 million tonnes of coal in 2022. Beyond the city, the Hunter Region possesses large coal deposits. Geologically, the area is located in the central-eastern part of the Sydney Basin.