Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
| Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus | |
|---|---|
| Other names | arginine vasopressin resistance; AVP-R; renal diabetes insipidus |
| Specialty | Nephrology, endocrinology, urology |
| Symptoms | Polyuria, nocturia, and polydipsia. |
| Complications | Dehydration, seizures |
| Diagnostic method | Urine tests, blood tests, fluid deprivation test |
| Differential diagnosis | AVP-D (central), Diabetes mellitus |
| Treatment | Drinking sufficient fluids |
| Medication | thiazides, aspirin |
| Frequency | 3 per 100,000 per year |
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, recently renamed arginine vasopressin resistance (AVP-R) and previously known as renal diabetes insipidus, is a form of diabetes insipidus primarily due to pathology of the kidney. This is in contrast to central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus, which is caused by insufficient levels of vasopressin (also called antidiuretic hormone, ADH). Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by an improper response of the kidney to vasopressin (AVP), leading to a decrease in the ability of the kidney to concentrate the urine by removing free water.
National Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) Awareness Day, established in 2026 by NDIAG - Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Advocacy Group, is observed annually in the United States on April 27 to raise public and medical awareness of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus, a rare kidney disorder. The observance aims to improve recognition of symptoms to support earlier and more accurate diagnosis, educate healthcare professionals, and highlight ongoing medical research, advancements in care, and advocacy efforts related to NDI.