Narrow-gauge railways in Spain

In Spain there is an extensive 1,984 km (1,233 mi) system of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge railways. The majority of these railways were historically operated by FEVE, (Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha, narrow-gauge railways). Created in 1965, FEVE started absorbing numerous privately-owned narrow-gauge railways. From 1978 onwards, with the introduction of regionalisation devolution under the new Spanish constitution, FEVE began transferring responsibility for a number of its operations to the new regional governments, and was dissolved on 31 December 2012, handing the remaining narrow-gauge services to the other national operator Renfe.

In 2023 transport officials in RENFE in Spain resigned when it was found that narrow-gauge passenger rolling-stock ordered in 2020 for the northern regions of Asturias and Cantabria would be too wide for the tunnels and were to be redesigned with delays of a year or two in delivery. This error stemmed from the loss of knowledge from the dissolution of FEVE, since Renfe did not integrate FEVE into its structure, rather keeping it as a separate subdivision called Renfe Feve. Following the oversized trains scandal, most Renfe Feve services were integrated into Renfe, with some left as of 2025.