Neuropeptide Y

Neuropeptide Y
Identifiers
CAS Number	82785-45-3 ;
ChemSpider	none;
UNII	BY7U39XXK0;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL267633 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4037164 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C190H287N55O57
Molar mass	4253.714 g·mol−1
	(what is this?) (verify)

npy
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: Q9I8P3 PDBe Q9I8P3 RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1RON, 1QFA
Identifiers
Aliases	neuropeptide Ysi:dkey-22m8.5
External IDs	MGI: 97374; HomoloGene: 697; GeneCards: [1]; OMA:- orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	20,114,149 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (mouse)
End	49,806,487 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	brain; ; nucleus of hypothalamus; ; lateral hypothalamic nucleus; ; preoptic area; ; interneuron; ; head; ; layer of retina; ; pallium; ; retina amacrine cell; ; medulla oblongata;
	Top expressed in
	median eminence; ; arcuate nucleus; ; adrenal gland; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; medial ganglionic eminence; ; primary visual cortex; ; prefrontal cortex; ; inferior colliculi; ; entorhinal cortex; ; primary motor cortex;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; hormone activity; calcium channel regulator activity; neuropeptide hormone activity; signaling receptor binding; G protein-coupled receptor binding; neuropeptide Y receptor binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; Golgi apparatus; extracellular region; extracellular space;
Biological process	positive regulation of appetite; adult feeding behavior; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger; regulation of blood pressure; central nervous system neuron development; feeding behavior; cerebral cortex development; regulation of appetite; cell population proliferation; innate immune response; neuropeptide signaling pathway; neuron projection development; calcium ion transport; chemical synaptic transmission; antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide; regulation of signaling receptor activity; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; intestinal epithelial cell differentiation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	30281
	109648
	ENSDARG00000036222
	ENSMUSG00000029819
	P01303
	P57774
	NM_131074
	NM_023456
	NP_000896; NP_571149
	NP_075945
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid neuropeptide that is involved in various physiological and homeostatic processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is secreted alongside other neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamate.

In the autonomic system it is produced mainly by neurons of the sympathetic nervous system and serves as a strong vasoconstrictor and also causes growth of fat tissue. In the brain, it is produced in various locations including the hypothalamus, and is thought to have several functions, including: increasing food intake and storage of energy as fat, reducing anxiety and stress, reducing pain perception, affecting the circadian rhythm, reducing voluntary alcohol intake, lowering blood pressure, and controlling epileptic seizures.