Muhammad bin Tughluq
| Muhammad bin Tughluq | |
|---|---|
| Fakhr al-Malik Abu al-Mujahid | |
Early Mughal painting of Muhammad bin Tughluq (1534) | |
| Sultan of Delhi Tughluq Emperor | |
| Reign | 4 February 1325 – 20 March 1351 |
| Coronation | 4 February 1325 Tughlaqabad Fort |
| Predecessor | Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq |
| Successor | Firuz Shah Tughlaq |
| Vizier | Khwaja-i-Jahan Ahmad Ayaz |
| Born | Fakhr ud-Din Jauna Khan c. 1290 Delhi, Delhi Sultanate (modern-day New Delhi, India) |
| Died | 20 March 1351 (aged 60–61) Thatta, Sindh Sultanate (modern-day Sindh, Pakistan) |
| Burial | |
| Dynasty | Tughlaq |
| Father | Ghiyasuddin-Din Tughluq |
| Mother | Makhduma-i-Jahan |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
| Tughra | |
Muhammad bin Tughluq (Persian: محمد بن تغلق; Persian pronunciation: [mu.ham.ˈmad bin tuɣ.ˈlaq]; 1290 – 20 March 1351), or Muhammad II, also known by his epithets, The Eccentric Prince, and The Mad Sultan, was the eighteenth Sultan of Delhi. He reigned from February 1325 until his death in March 1351. Muhammad was the eldest son of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, founder of the Tughlaq dynasty. In 1321, the young Muhammad was sent by his father to the Deccan Plateau to fight a military campaign against the Kakatiya dynasty. In 1323, the future sultan successfully laid siege upon the Kakatiya capital in Warangal. This victory over King Prataparudra ended the Kakatiya dynasty.
Named Jauna Khan as Crown Prince, Muhammad ascended the throne of Delhi upon his father's death in 1325. Muhammad bin Tughluq had an interest in medicine. He was also skilled in several languages: Persian, Hindavi, Arabic, Sanskrit and Turkic. Ibn Battuta, the famous traveler and jurist from Morocco, wrote in his book about his time at the Sultan's court. Exhibiting traits of paranoid personality disorder, Muhammad was nicknamed the Wisest Fool.