Egyptian civil war
| Egyptian civil war | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Ottoman wars in Africa and Muhammad Ali's campaigns | ||||||||
Massacre of the Mamelukes by Horace Vernet, 1819 | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Belligerents | ||||||||
| Ottoman Empire | Albanian bashi-bazouks | Mamluks | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
|
Koca Pasha Trabluslu Ali Pasha † Hurshid Pasha |
Tahir Pasha † Muhammad Ali Pasha |
Ibrahim Bey Bardisi Bey Alfi Bey | ||||||
| Strength | ||||||||
|
3,000 (1803) 3,000 (1806) |
6,000 (1803) 4,000 (1804) | Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | 200+ wounded, 400 captured | ||||||
A three-way civil war between the Ottoman Empire, Mamluks who had ruled Egypt for centuries, and Albanian bashi-bazouk mercenaries in Ottoman service, took place in Ottoman Egypt from 1803 to 1807. The conflict ended in victory for the Muhammad Ali, an Albanian bashi-bazouk commander. The struggle occurred following the French invasion of Egypt by Napoleon. After the French were defeated, a power vacuum was created in Egypt. The Mamluks had governed Egypt before the French invasion and still retained power in the region. However, Egypt was officially a part of the Ottoman Empire and many Ottoman troops who had been sent to evict the French were still present.