Moonstone (gemstone)

Moonstone
General
CategoryTectosilicate minerals
GroupFeldspar group
SeriesAlkali feldspar series
Formula(Na,K)AlSi3O8
IMA statusVariety of orthoclase
Crystal systemMonoclinic
Identification
ColorVarious, including blue, gray, white, pink, peach, green, and brown, as well as colorless
CleavagePerfect
FractureUneven to conchoidal
Mohs scale hardness6.0–6.5
LusterVitreous, opalescent
StreakWhite
Specific gravity2.54–2.66
Optical propertiesFor orthoclase and sanidine, biaxial (–); for oligoclase, biaxial +/–
Refractive index1.518–1.547
Birefringence0.005–0.01
Dispersion0.012

Moonstone is a sodium potassium aluminium silicate ((Na,K)AlSi3O8) of the feldspar group that displays a pearly and opalescent schiller. An alternative name for moonstone is hecatolite (from goddess Hecate).