Monquirasaurus
| Monquirasaurus Temporal range: late Aptian ~
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|---|---|
| Holotype specimen in Villa de Leyva, Boyaca, Colombia | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Superorder: | †Sauropterygia |
| Order: | †Plesiosauria |
| Suborder: | †Pliosauroidea |
| Family: | †Pliosauridae |
| Genus: | †Monquirasaurus Noè & Gómez-Pérez, 2021 |
| Species: | †M. boyacensis
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| Binomial name | |
| †Monquirasaurus boyacensis (Hampe, 1992)
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| Synonyms | |
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Monquirasaurus ("Monquirá lizard") is an extinct genus of giant short-necked pliosaurs who lived during the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) in what is now Colombia. One species is known, M. boyacensis, described in 2021 from an almost complete fossil skeleton, discovered in 1977 in the town of Villa de Leyva, located in Boyacá. Published descriptions of the holotype specimen estimate that it should reach a total size approaching 9–11 m (30–36 ft) in length and weighing 9–14 metric tons (9.9–15.4 short tons), making Monquirasaurus a large representative of the pliosaurids.
The taxon has long been informally identified as a species belonging to the related genus Kronosaurus, even being named Kronosaurus boyacensis in a study published in 1992. This identification was because the holotype specimen was not made available to researchers, and the descriptions were made from photographs. It was not until 2021 that a more complete description of the skeleton was made, confirming that it belonged to a separate genus.
The site where Monquirasaurus was discovered is the Paja Formation, that was once an environment containing a vast diversity of marine reptiles, including other large related pliosaurs, such as Stenorhynchosaurus and Sachicasaurus.