Ministry of State Security (Soviet Union)

Ministry of State Security
Министерство государственной безопасности
Agency overview
Formed15 March 1946 (1946-03-15)
Preceding agencies
  • Cheka (1917–1922)
  • GPU (1922–1923)
  • OGPU (1923–1934)
  • NKVD (1934–1943)
  • GUGB (1934–1941)/(1941–1943)
  • NKGB (February–July 1941/1943–1946)
Dissolved5 March 1953 (1953-03-05)
Superseding agencies
TypeSecret police
Intelligence agency
JurisdictionCentral Committee and Council of Ministers (1946–1953)
HeadquartersLubyanka Building, 2 Bolshaya Lubyanka Street, Moscow, Soviet Union
Agency executives

The Ministry of State Security (Russian: Министерство государственной безопасности, Russian pronunciation: [mʲɪnʲɪˈsʲtʲerstvə ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)əj bʲɪzɐˈpasnəsʲtʲɪ]), abbreviated as MGB (Russian: МГБ), was a ministry of the Soviet Union from 1946 to 1953 which functioned as the country's secret police. The ministry inherited the intelligence and state security responsibilities of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) and People's Commissariat for State Security (NKGB). The MGB was led by Vsevolod Merkulov for 50 days from March 15 to May 4 1946, then by Viktor Abakumov from May 4 1946 to July 14 1951, then by Semyon Ignatiev until Stalin's death in March 5 1953, upon which it was merged into an enlarged Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD).