Meningoencephalitis

Meningoencephalitis
Meninges of the central nervous system
SpecialtyInfectious disease, neurology
SymptomsFever, headache, neck stiffness, photophobia
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms; supported by lumbar puncture, blood tests, medical imaging, and/or electroencephalogram

Meningoencephalitis is a medical condition involving simultaneous inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and of the meninges, the protective membranes of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis). The symptoms resemble those of both conditions, including fever, intense headache, neck stiffness, nausea, and vomiting. Meningoencephalitis is often fatal when untreated, and survivors can be left with long-term neurological conditions.

Meningoencephalitis may begin as inflammation of either the brain or meninges that then progresses to involve both regions. Infectious causes include viruses, bacteria, fungi, or protozoan parasites. The inflammation can also be non-infectious in origin, such as autoimmune diseases.

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