Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)
Mamluk مملوک | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1206–1290 | |||||||||||||||||
Flag of the Delhi Sultanate according to the contemporary Catalan Atlas (c. 1375). | |||||||||||||||||
Territory of the Delhi Mamluk Dynasty circa 1250. | |||||||||||||||||
| Capital | |||||||||||||||||
| Common languages | Turkic (main)
Persian (administration) | ||||||||||||||||
| Ethnic groups | Turks (central powers) | ||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||||||||||
| Government | Sultanate | ||||||||||||||||
| Sultan & Sultana | |||||||||||||||||
• 1206–1210 | Qutb ud-Din Aibak (first) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1210–1211 | Aram Shah (second) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1211–1236 | Iltutmish (third) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1236 | Ruknuddin Firuz (fourth) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1236–1240 | Razia Sultana (fifth) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1240–1242 | Muiz ud din Bahram (sixth) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1242–1246 | Masud Shah (seventh) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1246–1266 | Mahmud (eighth) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1266–1287 | Balban (ninth) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1287–1290 | Shamsuddin Kayumars (tenth) | ||||||||||||||||
• 1287–1290 • 1290 | Shamsuddin Kayumars (eleventh) Muiz ud din Qaiqabad (twelfth & last) | ||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1206 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1290 | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
| Today part of | |||||||||||||||||
The Mamluk dynasty (lit. 'Slave dynasty'), or the Mamluk Sultanate, is the historiographical name or umbrella term used to refer to the three dynasties of Mamluk origin who ruled the Ghurid territories in India and subsequently, the Sultanate of Delhi, from 1206 to 1290 — the Qutbi dynasty (1206–1211), the first Ilbari or Shamsi dynasty (1211–1266) and the second Ilbari dynasty (1266–1290).
Before the establishment of the Mamluk dynasty, Qutb al-Din Aibak's tenure as a Ghurid dynasty administrator lasted from 1192 to 1206, a period during which he led forays into the Gangetic plain and established control over some of the new areas. The last ruler, Shamsuddin Kayumars, an infant, was murdered by Jalal-ud-Din Khalji, a nobleman who then established the Khalji dynasty.