XCL1

XCL1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1J8I, 1J9O, 2HDM, 2JP1, 2NYZ, 2N54
Identifiers
Aliases	XCL1, ATAC, LPTN, LTN, SCM-1, SCM-1a, SCM1, SCM1A, SCYC1, X-C motif chemokine ligand 1
External IDs	OMIM: 600250; MGI: 104593; HomoloGene: 2250; GeneCards: XCL1; OMA:XCL1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	168,582,069 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	164,763,096 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; spleen; ; lymph node; ; gallbladder; ; rectum; ; olfactory zone of nasal mucosa; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; right lobe of liver; ; appendix; ; right uterine tube;
	Top expressed in
	thymus; ; granulocyte; ; mesenteric lymph nodes; ; spleen; ; blood; ; choroid plexus of fourth ventricle; ; right kidney; ; secondary oocyte; ; jejunum; ; uterus;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	chemokine receptor binding; cytokine activity; protein homodimerization activity; chemokine activity; CCR chemokine receptor binding; protein binding;
Cellular component	extracellular region; extracellular space;
Biological process	cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus; cellular response to interleukin-4; release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; negative regulation of interferon-gamma production; positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell cytokine production; monocyte chemotaxis; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; positive regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis; chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; cell-cell signaling; positive regulation of thymocyte migration; response to virus; positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity; positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; negative regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response; negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; neutrophil chemotaxis; chemotaxis; positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis; positive regulation of GTPase activity; positive regulation of granzyme A production; positive regulation of immunoglobulin production in mucosal tissue; negative regulation of T cell cytokine production; positive regulation of T cell cytokine production; cellular response to interleukin-1; positive regulation of T cell chemotaxis; mature natural killer cell chemotaxis; regulation of inflammatory response; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis; cellular response to interferon-gamma; immune response; positive regulation of B cell chemotaxis; positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production; negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation; positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; positive regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation; negative regulation of interleukin-2 production; negative regulation of T-helper 1 cell activation; positive regulation of granzyme B production; signal transduction; antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide; regulation of signaling receptor activity; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; inflammatory response; lymphocyte chemotaxis;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	6375
	16963
	ENSG00000143184
	ENSMUSG00000026573
	P47992
	P47993
	NM_002995
	NM_008510
	NP_002986
	NP_032536
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Chemokine (C motif) ligand 1 also known as lymphotactin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the XCL1 gene. XCL1 is a small cytokine belonging to the C chemokine family that signals exclusively through its receptor XCR1. Produced primarily by activated CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, XCL1 functions as a chemoattractant for specific immune cell populations, particularly XCR1-positive conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s), thereby orchestrating immune responses to infection and inflammation.

Chemokines are known for their function in inflammatory and immunological responses. This family C chemokines differs in structure and function from most chemokines. There are only two chemokines in this family and what separates them from other chemokines is that they only have two cysteines; one N-terminal cysteine and one cysteine downstream. These both are called lymphotactin, alpha and beta form, and claim special characteristics only found between the two. Lymphotactins can go through a reversible conformational change which influences its binding.