Lottery mathematics

Lottery mathematics is used to calculate probabilities of winning or losing a lottery game. It is based primarily on combinatorics, particularly the twelvefold way and combinations without replacement. It can also be used to analyze coincidences that happen in lottery drawings, such as repeated numbers appearing across different draws.

In the following

  • P is the number of balls in a pool of balls that the winning balls are drawn from, without replacement.
  • W is the number of winning balls drawn from the pool.
  • T is the number of balls listed on the lottery ticket. (It often equals W.)
  • M is the number of balls that match on the lottery ticket and within the winning set.
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