Lok Sabha

Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
18th Lok Sabha
Type
Type	Lower house of the Parliament of India
Term limits	Maximum 5 years
Leadership
Speaker	Om Birla, BJP ; since 17 June 2019
Prime Minister; (Leader of the House)	Narendra Modi, BJP ; since 26 May 2014
Leader of the Opposition	Rahul Gandhi, INC ; since 9 June 2024
Secretary General	Utpal Kumar Singh ; since 30 November 2020
Structure
Seats	543
Political groups	Government (292) NDA (292) BJP (240); TDP (16); JD(U) (12); SHS (7); LJP(RV) (5); JD(S) (2); JSP (2); RLD (2); AD(S) (1); AGP (1); AJSU (1); HAM(S) (1); NCP (1); SKM (1); Official Opposition (232); INDIA (234) INC (100); SP (37); AITC (28); DMK (22); SS(UBT) (9); NCP-SP (8); CPI(M) (4); RJD (4); IUML (3); JMM (3); CPI (2); CPI(ML)L (2); JKNC (2); VCK (2); BAP (1); KEC (1); MDMK (1); RLP (1); RSP (1); IND (1); Other Opposition (16) YSRCP (4); AAP (3); AD(WPD) (2); AIMIM (1); ASP(KR) (1); SAD (1); UPPL (1); ZPM (1); IND (2); Vacant (3)
Length of term	5 years
Elections
Voting system	First-past-the-post voting
First election	25 October 1951 – 21 February 1952
Last election	19 April – 1 June 2024
Next election	By April 2029
Meeting place
	Lok Sabha Chamber, Sansad Bhavan,; 118, Rafi Marg, New Delhi, Delhi, India – 110001; 28°37′3″N 77°12′30″E / 28.61750°N 77.20833°E
Website
	sansad.in/ls
Constitution
	Constitution of India
Rules
	The Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha (English)

The Lok Sabha, also known as the House of the People, is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of India, where the upper house is Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the president of India on the advice of the union council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha chamber of the Parliament House in New Delhi.

The maximum membership of the house as allotted by the Constitution of India is 552 before the abolition of Anglo-Indian seats, currently it is 550. As of 2025, the house has 543 elected members. Between 1952 and 2020, two additional members of the Anglo-Indian community were nominated by the president of India on the advice of the Indian government, and the practice was abolished in January 2020 by the 104th amendment to the Indian constitution. The new parliament has a maximum seating capacity for 888 members in Lok Sabha.

About 131 seats (24.03%) are reserved for representatives of scheduled castes (84) and scheduled tribes (47). The quorum for the House is 10% of the total membership the house. Unless dissolved sooner, the house continues to operate for five years from the date of its first meeting. However, when a state of emergency in India is declared, this period may be extended by the parliament of India by law or decree. The 18th Lok Sabha is the latest to be elected in May 2024. The Lok Sabha proceedings are televised live on Sansad TV, operating from within the parliament premises.

An exercise to redraw the boundaries of the Lok Sabha constituencies is carried out by the delimitation commission. It is carried out every decade based on the census of India, the last of which was conducted in 2011. This provision was temporarily suspended between 1976 and 2001 following a constitutional amendment to incentivize the family planning program which was being implemented. The elections for the seats are conducted by the election commission.