Joel Roberts Poinsett
Joel Roberts Poinsett | |
|---|---|
| 15th United States Secretary of War | |
| In office March 7, 1837 – March 4, 1841 | |
| President | Martin Van Buren (8th), |
| Preceded by | Lewis Cass |
| Succeeded by | John Bell |
| United States Minister to Mexico | |
| In office June 1, 1825 – October 17, 1829 | |
| President | John Quincy Adams (6th), Andrew Jackson (7th), |
| Preceded by | James Wilkinson (Envoy, 1816-1825) |
| Succeeded by | Anthony Butler (Acting) |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina's 1st district | |
| In office March 4, 1821 – March 7, 1825 | |
| Preceded by | Charles Pinckney |
| Succeeded by | William Drayton |
| Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives | |
| In office April 1817 – 1819 | |
| In office 1830–1831 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Joel Roberts Poinsett March 2, 1779 |
| Died | December 12, 1851 (aged 72) |
| Party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Mary Izard Pringle Poinsett |
| Parents |
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| Education | University of Edinburgh (Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom) Royal Military Academy, (Woolwich, England, United Kingdom) |
Joel Roberts Poinsett (March 2, 1779 – December 12, 1851) was an American physician, botanist, politician, and diplomat. He was the first U.S. agent in Hispanic America, a member of the South Carolina Legislature, and later a United States Representative from 1821 to 1825. In 1825, he was appointed by John Quincy Adams as the first United States Minister to Mexico, replacing envoy James Wilkinson, and serving through the first year of Andrew Jackson's administration in 1829. He represented the United States government to the First Mexican Empire, the Provisional Government, and the First Mexican Republic in Mexico City.
Poinsett was a strong supporter of Andrew Jackson and Jacksonian democracy. He was a Unionist leader in South Carolina during the Nullification Crisis in 1832 and 1833, when the state refused to enforce federal tariffs, declaring them unconstitutional.
Poinsett was subsequently appointed 15th U.S. Secretary of War in the Presidential Cabinet under Martin Van Buren.
He was a co-founder of the earlier National Institute for the Promotion of Science and the Useful Arts in 1840, a predecessor of the modern Smithsonian Institution.