Jiaqing Emperor

Names
	Yongyan (顒琰); Manchu: Yong yan (ᠶᠣᠩ ᠶᠠᠨ);
Era dates
	Jiaqing (嘉慶): 9 February 1796 – 2 February 1821; Manchu: Saicungga fengšen (ᠰᠠᡳᠴᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡶᡝᠩᡧᡝᠨ); Mongolian: Сайшаалт ерөөлт (ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ);
Posthumous name
	Emperor Shoutian Xingyun Fuhua Suiyou Chongwen Jingwu Guangyu Xiaogong Qinjian Duanmin Yingzhe Rui (受天興運敷化綏猷崇文經武光裕孝恭勤儉端敏英哲睿皇帝); Manchu: Abka be Aliha, Forgon be Yendebuhe, Wen be Selgiyehe, Doro be Toktobuha, Šu be Wesihulehe, Horon be Algimbuha, Hiyoošungga Gungnecuke, Kicebe Boljonggo, Tob Ulhisu Dacun Sultungga, Sunggiyen Hūwangdi (ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᠪᡝ ᠠᠯᡳᡥᠠ᠈ ; ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠶᡝᠨᡩᡝᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠈ ; ᠸᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠰᡝᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᡥᡝ᠈ ; ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ; ᡧᡠ ᠪᡝ ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠯᡝᡥᡝ᠈ ; ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠠᠯᡤᡳᠮᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ; ᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡤᡠᠩᠨᡝᠴᡠᡴᡝ᠈ ; ᡴᡳᠴᡝᠪᡝ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠩᡤᠣ᠈ ; ᡨᠣᠪ ᡠᠯᡥᡳᠰᡠ ᡩᠠᠴᡠᠨ ᠰᡠᠯᡨᡠᠩᡤᠠ᠈ ; ᠰᡠᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ);
Temple name
	Renzong (仁宗); Manchu: Žindzung (ᡰᡳᠨᡯᡠᠩ);

Jiaqing Emperor
嘉慶帝
Jiaqing Emperor; 嘉慶帝
	Portrait of the Jiaqing Emperor in court dress, late 18th–early 19th century
Emperor of the Qing dynasty
Reign	9 February 1796 – 2 September 1820
Predecessor	Qianlong Emperor
Successor	Daoguang Emperor
Regent	Qianlong Emperor (1796–1799)
Prince Jia of the First Rank
Tenure	1789 – 9 February 1796
Born	13 November 1760; Imperial Gardens (in present-day Beijing)
Died	2 September 1820 (aged 59); Mountain Estate (in present-day Chengde)
Burial	Chang Mausoleum, Western Qing tombs
Consort(s)	; Empress Xiaoshurui (m. 1774; died 1797) ; Empress Xiaoherui (m. 1790)
Issue; Detail	Daoguang Emperor; Miankai, Prince Dunke of the First Rank; Mianxin, Prince Ruihuai of the First Rank; Mianyu, Prince Huiduan of the First Rank;
Names
Names
	Yongyan (顒琰); Manchu: Yong yan (ᠶᠣᠩ ᠶᠠᠨ);
Era dates
	Jiaqing (嘉慶): 9 February 1796 – 2 February 1821; Manchu: Saicungga fengšen (ᠰᠠᡳᠴᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡶᡝᠩᡧᡝᠨ); Mongolian: Сайшаалт ерөөлт (ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦ);
Posthumous name
	Emperor Shoutian Xingyun Fuhua Suiyou Chongwen Jingwu Guangyu Xiaogong Qinjian Duanmin Yingzhe Rui (受天興運敷化綏猷崇文經武光裕孝恭勤儉端敏英哲睿皇帝); Manchu: Abka be Aliha, Forgon be Yendebuhe, Wen be Selgiyehe, Doro be Toktobuha, Šu be Wesihulehe, Horon be Algimbuha, Hiyoošungga Gungnecuke, Kicebe Boljonggo, Tob Ulhisu Dacun Sultungga, Sunggiyen Hūwangdi (ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᠪᡝ ᠠᠯᡳᡥᠠ᠈ ; ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠶᡝᠨᡩᡝᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠈ ; ᠸᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠰᡝᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᡥᡝ᠈ ; ᡩᠣᡵᠣ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ; ᡧᡠ ᠪᡝ ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠯᡝᡥᡝ᠈ ; ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠠᠯᡤᡳᠮᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ; ᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡤᡠᠩᠨᡝᠴᡠᡴᡝ᠈ ; ᡴᡳᠴᡝᠪᡝ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣᠩᡤᠣ᠈ ; ᡨᠣᠪ ᡠᠯᡥᡳᠰᡠ ᡩᠠᠴᡠᠨ ᠰᡠᠯᡨᡠᠩᡤᠠ᠈ ; ᠰᡠᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ);
Temple name
	Renzong (仁宗); Manchu: Žindzung (ᡰᡳᠨᡯᡠᠩ);
House	Aisin-Gioro
Dynasty	Qing
Father	Qianlong Emperor
Mother	Empress Xiaoyichun
Seal
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	嘉慶帝
Simplified Chinese	嘉庆帝
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Jiāqìng Dì
Wade–Giles	Chia1-ch'ing4 Ti4
IPA	[tɕjátɕʰîŋ tî]

The Jiaqing Emperor (13 November 1760 – 2 September 1820), also known by his temple name Emperor Renzong of Qing, personal name Yongyan, was the sixth emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fifth Qing emperor to rule over China proper. He was the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor. During his reign, he prosecuted Heshen, the corrupt favorite of his father and attempted to restore order within the empire while curbing the smuggling of opium into China. Assessments of his reign are mixed, either seen as the "beginning of the end" of the Qing dynasty, or as a period of moderate reform that presaged the intellectual movements of the 1860s.