Jiangsu
Jiangsu
江苏 Kiangsu | |
|---|---|
| Chinese transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 江苏省 (Jiāngsū Shěng) |
| • Abbreviation | JS / 苏 (pinyin: Sū) |
| • Wu | Kaonsu San |
| • Jiang–Huai | Jiang1 su1 Sen3 |
Location of Jiangsu in China | |
| Coordinates: 32°54′N 119°48′E / 32.9°N 119.8°E | |
| Country | China |
| Detached from Jiangnan Province | 1661 |
| As a province of the Republic of China | 1 January 1912 |
| Provincial government moved to Zhenjiang | 1928 |
| Japanese occupation | 1937–1945 |
| Capture of Nanjing | 23 April 1949 |
| Partition into Subei and Sunan Administrative Regions | 1 October 1949 |
| Provincial status restored | 15 November 1952 |
| Named after | 江 Jiāng – Jiangning (now Nanjing) 苏 sū – Suzhou |
| Capital | Nanjing |
| Largest city | Suzhou |
| Divisions - Prefecture-level - County-level - Township- level | 13 prefectures 95 counties 1237 towns and subdistricts |
| Government | |
| • Type | Province |
| • Body | Jiangsu Provincial People's Congress |
| • Party Secretary | Xin Changxing |
| • Congress chairman | Xin Changxing |
| • Governor | Liu Xiaotao |
| • Provincial CPPCC Chairman | Zhang Yizhen |
| • National People's Congress Representation | 144 deputies |
| Area | |
• Province | 102,600 km2 (39,600 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 25th |
| Highest elevation | 625 m (2,051 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Province | 84,748,016 |
| • Rank | 4th |
| • Density | 826.0/km2 (2,139/sq mi) |
| • Rank | 4th |
| • Urban | 63,370,000 (74%) |
| • Rural | 21,780,000 (26%) |
| Demonym | Jiangsunese |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic composition | |
| • Languages and dialects | |
| GDP (2025) | |
| • Total | CN¥14.24 trillion (2nd; US$2.04 trillion) |
| • Per capita | CN¥167,970 (3rd; US$24,113) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-JS |
| HDI (2023) | 0.836 (4th) – very high |
| Website | www English version |
| Jiangsu | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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"Jiangsu" in simplified (top) and traditional (bottom) Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 江苏 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 江蘇 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal | Kiangsu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Pacified Place" (Jiang(ning) and Su(zhou)) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Jiangsu is a coastal province in East China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its capital in Nanjing. Jiangsu is the third smallest, but the fourth most populous, with a population of 84.75 million, and the most densely populated of the 22 provinces of the People's Republic of China. Jiangsu has the highest GDP per capita and second-highest GDP of Chinese provinces, after Guangdong. Jiangsu borders Shandong in the north, Anhui to the west, and Zhejiang and Shanghai to the south. Jiangsu has a coastline of over 1,000 kilometers (620 mi) along the Yellow Sea, and the Yangtze flows through the southern part of the province.
Since the Sui and Tang dynasties, Jiangsu has been a national economic and commercial center, partly due to the construction of the Grand Canal. Cities such as Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, and Shanghai (separated from Jiangsu in 1927) are all major Chinese economic hubs. Since the initiation of economic reforms in 1990, Jiangsu has become a focal point for economic development. It is widely regarded as one of China's most developed provinces, when measured by its Human Development Index (HDI). Its 2025 nominal GDP per capita reached CN¥167,970 (US$24,113), becoming the first province in China to reach the $20,000 mark in 2021.
Jiangsu is home to many of the world's leading exporters of electronic equipment, chemicals and textiles. It has also been China's largest recipient of foreign direct investment since 2006. In 2025, its GDP was more than CN¥14.24 trillion (US$2 trillion nominal), which is the sixth-highest of all administrative divisions. If it were a country, it would be the twelfth-largest economy as of 2022 as well as the 19th most populous.
Jiangsu is also one of the leading provinces in research and education in China. As of 2022, Jiangsu hosts 168 institutions of higher education, ranking first of all Chinese provinces. Jiangsu has many highly ranked educational institutions, with 16 of its universities listed in the Double First-Class Construction, ranking second after Beijing. As of 2025, six major cities in Jiangsu ranked in the world's top 200 (Nanjing 5th, Suzhou 33rd, Zhenjiang 98th, Yangzhou 118th, Wuxi 161st, and Changzhou 173rd) cities by scientific research output, as tracked by the Nature Index.