Itinerarium

Further information: Travel itinerary

An itinerarium (plural: itineraria) was an ancient Roman travel guide in the form of a listing of cities, villages (vici) and other stops on the way, including the distances between each stop and the next. Surviving examples include the Antonine Itinerary and the Bordeaux Itinerary. The term later evolved to take on broader meanings (see later meanings below).

These text-based route descriptions were complemented by physical markers on the ground, such as the miliarium, or Roman milestone, which confirmed distances along the described route.

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