Isabella Clara Eugenia

Isabella Clara Eugenia
Portrait by Peter Paul Rubens, c. 1615
Sovereign of the Netherlands
Reign6 May 1598 – 13 July 1621
PredecessorPhilip II
SuccessorPhilip IV
Co-monarchAlbert
Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands
Reign13 July 1621 – 1 December 1633
PredecessorIndependent Sovereignty of the Netherlands
SuccessorFerdinand of Austria
Born12 August 1566
Palace of Valsain, Segovia, Crown of Castile
Died1 December 1633(1633-12-01) (aged 67)
Brussels, Duchy of Brabant, Holy Roman Empire
Burial
Spouse
(m. 1599; died 1621)
HouseHabsburg
FatherPhilip II of Spain
MotherElisabeth of Valois
ReligionRoman Catholicism
Signature

Isabella Clara Eugenia (Spanish: Isabel Clara Eugenia; 12 August 1566 – 1 December 1633), sometimes referred to as Clara Isabella Eugenia, was sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands, and the Free County of Burgundy, from 1598 to 1621, ruling jointly with her husband Archduke Albert VII of Austria. After Albert's death, those regions were returned to the Spanish Habsburgs, and she continued to rule as governess of the Spanish Netherlands until her death.

Their reign is considered the Golden Age of the Habsburg Netherlands, which saw a revival of its economy and arts after a peace was concluded with the break-away Dutch Republic. Isabella was one of the most powerful women in 16th- and 17th-century Europe.