Industrialisation in Africa

Industrialisation in Africa has been slow, with most economies geared towards raw material exports. Colonial administrations attempted rapid industrialisation starting in the 1920s but largely prioritised resource extraction over domestic manufacturing. Post-independence governments in Africa pursued industrialisation as a means of economic development in the latter half of the 20th century, but the implemented policies achieved limited success amid structural challenges. Economic crises and neoliberal policies promoted by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund in the 1980s resulted in deindustrialisation. Despite high growth rates in the early-21st century, structural change toward growing manufacturing sectors was minimal. As of 2023, Africa remained the least industrialised continent in the world.

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