Independent power producer

An independent power producer (IPP) or non-utility generator (NUG) is an entity that is not a public utility, but owns facilities that generate electric power for sale to utilities and end users.

NUGs may be privately-held facilities, corporations, cooperatives such as rural solar or wind energy producers, or non-energy industrial concerns capable of feeding excess energy into the system.

An independent water and power producer (IWPP) is similar to an IPP, but operates a unified process to also output usable treated water.

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