Hyrcanian forests

Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
Sisangan National Forest, Mazandaran Iran
Hyrcanian mixed forests (purple)
Ecology
BiomeTemperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Borders
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Bird species296
Mammal species98
Geography
Area55,100 km2 (21,300 mi2)
Countries
  • Iran
  • Azerbaijan
Conservation
Habitat loss51%
Protected10.30%
Official nameHyrcanian Forests
CriteriaNatural: (ix)
Designated2019 (43rd session)
Reference no.1584
RegionWestern Asia, Caucasus
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The Hyrcanian forests (Persian: جنگل‌های هیرکانی; Azerbaijani: Hirkan meşələri) are a zone of lush lowland and montane forests covering about 55,000 square kilometres (21,000 mi2) near the shores of the Caspian Sea in Iran and Azerbaijan. The forest is named after the ancient region of Hyrcania. The World Wide Fund for Nature refers to the ecoregion as the Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests. Since 5 July 2019, the Hyrcanian Forests have been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In September 2023, the heritage site expanded to incorporate portions of the forest located in Azerbaijan.