Hydrodynamic scour

Hydrodynamic scour is the removal of substrate (gravel, sand, silt, clay, sediment, etc.) from around the base of obstructions to the flow in the sea, rivers, and canals. Scour, caused by fast-flowing water, can carve out scour holes, compromising the integrity of a structure. It is an interaction between the hydrodynamics and the geotechnical properties of the substrate. Bridge scour is a notable cause of bridge failure and a problem with most marine structures supported by the seabed in areas of significant tidal and ocean current. It can also affect biological ecosystems and heritage assets.