Hugh O'Donnell, 2nd Earl of Tyrconnell

Colonel Hugh Albert O'Donnell, 2nd Earl of Tyrconnell (c. October 1606 – 1 July 1642), was an Irish-Spanish nobleman who served in the Spanish military. The only son of Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, he was eleven months old when he participated in the Flight of the Earls, leaving Ireland never to return. He was naturalised as a Spanish subject in 1633 and fought in the Thirty Years' War.

After his extended family settled in Catholic Europe, O'Donnell was raised at St Anthony's College in the Spanish Netherlands. He assumed the name Albert for his confirmation in honour of Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, and was a page to Isabella Clara Eugenia. As O'Donnell matured, he took on a leadership role amongst his family of Irish refugees. He began a military career; in 1625 he was made a captain of a company of Spanish cavalry, and in 1632 he was made colonel of the second Irish regiment (tercio) in the Spanish army.

For much of his career, he had a professional rivalry with fellow Irish noble-turned-soldier Shane O'Neill, 3rd Earl of Tyrone. O'Donnell was a key supporter of a proposed Spanish invasion of Ireland in 1627, but the invasion plans fell apart. His duties to Spain also prevented him from participating in the Irish Rebellion of 1641. He died in July 1642 when his ship, the Magdalena, was attacked and sunk by French forces off the coast of Catalonia.

In addition to the earldom, O'Donnell held the title Baron of Donegal from birth. Both titles were attainted in 1614 but he continued to use them throughout his life. O'Donnell was a nephew of Hugh Roe O'Donnell, the last undisputed chief of the O'Donnell clan.