Hendrik Witbooi (Nama chief)

Hendrik Witbooi (c. 1830 – 29 October 1905) was a chief of the ǀKhowesin people, a subgroup of the Nama people in present-day Namibia. He led the Nama people during their revolts against the German colonial empire. Witbooi is regarded as one of the national heroes of Namibia, and his face is portrayed on the obverse of all N$50, N$100, and N$200 Namibian dollar banknotes.

Becoming chief of the ǀKhowesin in 1888 following a power struggle, he united other Nama groups and led them during the first uprising against German colonial authorities from 1893 to 1894. This ended in a conditional surrender and Witbooi began supporting the Germans in conflicts with other tribes. Following the outbreak of the Herero uprising in 1904, Witbooi and the Nama initially fought alongside the Germans against the Herero including at the decisive battle of Waterberg in August 1904. However in September that year Witbooi led another Nama revolt against the Germans which ended in defeat and the Nama genocide, with around 10,000 killed or around half their prewar population. Witbooi was killed in action on 29 October 1905.