Haplogroup T-M184
| Haplogroup T-M184 | |
|---|---|
Haplogroup T expansion across the world | |
| Possible time of origin | 26,000 BP |
| Possible place of origin | Between Fertile Crescent & Levant (hypothesized from earliest known sample i1707) |
| Ancestor | LT |
| Descendants | T1 (T-L206); T2 (T-PH110) |
| Defining mutations | M184/PAGES34/USP9Y+3178, M272, PAGES129, L810, L455, L452, L445 |
| Highest frequencies | Somali Dir & Isaaq, Fulani, UAE, Antemoro (Madagascar);Toubou of Chad |
Haplogroup T-M184, also known as Haplogroup T, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. The unique-event polymorphism that defines this clade is the single-nucleotide polymorphism known as M184.
T-M184 is unusual in that it is both geographically widespread and relatively rare. T1 (T-L206) – the numerically dominant primary branch of T-M184 – appears to have originated in Western Asia, and spread from there into East Africa, South Asia, Europe, Egypt and adjoining regions. T1* may have expanded with the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B culture (PPNB) which originated in West Asia.
The earliest presence of T-M184 appears in Ain Ghazal, Jordan (sample i1707), bordering Asia and Africa. The individual predated the arrival of Caucaso-Iranian ancestry to the Levant. His DNA consisted of Natufian Hunter Gatherer and Anatolian Neolithic ancestry, together known as PPNB, which was the indigenous ancestry of the Levant at the time.
Subclades of T-M70 appear to have been present in Europe since the Neolithic with Neolithic Farmers from Western Asia. The moderately high frequency (~18%) of T1b* chromosomes in the Lemba of southern Africa supports the hypothesis of a West Asian origin for their paternal line.