Hand coding

In computing, hand coding means editing the underlying representation of a document or a computer program, when tools that allow working on a higher-level representation also exist. Typically, this means editing the source code, or the textual representation of a document or program, instead of using a WYSIWYG editor that always displays an approximation of the final product. It may mean translating the whole or parts of the source code into machine language manually instead of using a compiler or an automatic translator.

Most commonly, it refers to directly writing HTML documents for the web (rather than in a specialized editor), or to writing a program or portion of a program in assembly language (more rarely, raw machine code) rather than in a higher-level language. It can also apply to other markup languages, such as XAML or wikitext.