Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994

This article is about the U.S. federal law that requires school districts to adopt a gun-free position in exchange for federal funds for its schools; it is not to be confused with the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990.

Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994
Other short titlesImproving America's Schools Act of 1994
Long titleTo extend for six years the authorizations of appropriations for the programs under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, and for other purposes
Acronyms (colloquial)GFSA
Enacted bythe 103rd United States Congress
Citations
Public lawPub. L. 103–382
Statutes at Large108 Stat. 3518
Codification
Acts amendedElementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
Titles amendedTitle 20 of the United States Code: Education
Legislative history
  • Introduced in the House as H.R. 6 by Rep. Dale E. Kildee D‑MI on January 5, 1993
  • Committee consideration by House Education and Labor; Senate Labor and Human Resources
  • Passed the House on March 24, 1994 (289–146)
  • Passed the Senate on October 7, 1994 (74–24)
  • Agreed to by the House on October 8, 1994 (310–112)  
  • Signed into law by President Bill Clinton on March 31, 1994
United States Supreme Court cases
Goss v. Lopez

The Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994 (GFSA) was part of the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 (IASA). The Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994 also amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.

In 1994, Congress introduced the Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994, which encouraged each state receiving federal funds for education to follow suit and introduce their own laws, now known as zero tolerance laws. President Bill Clinton signed the Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994 into law on March 31, 1994. The Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994 requires each state receiving federal funds to have a state law in effect requiring local educational agencies to expel, for at least one year, any student who is determined to have brought a weapon to school. The one-year expulsion is mandatory, except when a chief administering officer of such local education agency may modify it on a case-by-case basis. In addition, schools are directed to develop policies requiring referral to the criminal justice or juvenile delinquency system for any student who brings a firearm or weapon to school.

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