Government by algorithm

Not to be confused with Regulation of algorithms, E-government, or Cyberocracy.

Government by algorithm encompasses a range of approaches involving the application of computer algorithms to aspects of society and governance. This term, also referred to as algorithmic regulation, regulation by algorithms, algorithmic governance, algocratic governance, algorithmic legal order, or algocracy, describes the use of algorithms to influence or govern sectors such as law enforcement, transportation, and land registration. The term "government by algorithm" was first introduced in academic literature in 2013 as an alternative for "algorithmic governance". A related term, algorithmic regulation, involves the use of computational algorithms to set standards, monitor, and modify behavior within specific contexts, such as the automation of the judiciary.

Government by algorithm raises challenges that are not fully addressed in the existing e-government literature or public administration practice. Some sources equate cyberocracy, which is a hypothetical form of government that rules by the effective use of information, with algorithmic governance, although algorithms are not the only means of processing information. Nello Cristianini and Teresa Scantamburlo argued that the combination of a human society and certain regulation algorithms (such as reputation-based scoring) forms a social machine.

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