G5 Sahel

G5 Sahel or G5S (French: G5 du Sahel) was an institutional framework for coordination of regional cooperation in development policies and security matters in West Africa. It was created on 16 February 2014 in Nouakchott, Mauritania, at a summit of five Sahel countries: Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger. It adopted a convention of establishment on 19 December 2014, and was permanently seated in Mauritania. The coordination was organised on different levels with military aspects coordinated by the respective countries' Chiefs of Staff. The purpose of G5 Sahel was to strengthen the bond between economic development and security, and together battle the threat of jihadist organizations operating in the region, including AQIM, MOJWA, Al-Mourabitoun, and Boko Haram.

A series of new military juntas in the region prompted several countries to withdraw from the G5 Sahel alliance. On 15 May 2022, Mali announced its withdrawal from the alliance following its 2021 coup d'état. On 3 December 2023, Burkina Faso and Niger announced their withdrawals from the alliance following their 2022 and 2023 coups respectively. On 6 December 2023, the remaining members Chad and Mauritania announced the dissolution of the alliance.