Forest Landscape Integrity Index

The Forest Landscape Integrity Index (FLII) is a global, map-based indicator of forest condition that estimates the degree of anthropogenic modification of forest ecosystems. Developed by an international research team led by the Wildlife Conservation Society, the index integrates spatial data on observed and inferred human pressures and loss of forest connectivity to produce a continuous score from 0 (most modified) to 10 (least modified) for each ~300 m forest pixel.

In the study's global map for early 2019, 40.5% of forest area (about 17.4 million km2) was classified as high integrity (FLII ≥ 9.6), 33.9% (14.6 million km2) as medium integrity and 25.6% (11 million km2) as low integrity (FLII ≤ 6.0). High-integrity forests were concentrated in boreal regions of Russia and Canada and in large tropical forest blocks such as the Amazon, Central Africa and New Guinea.

FLII has been used in forest-condition monitoring and referenced in policy and research contexts, including discussions of ecosystem integrity indicators under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

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