First War of Scottish Independence

First War of Scottish Independence
	Part of the Wars of Scottish Independence
	; The Battle of Stirling Bridge, fought on 11 September, 1297
Date	26 March 1296 – 1 May 1328; (32 years, 35 days)
Location	Scotland and England
Result	Scottish victory Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton; Scottish independence from England maintained, Robert the Bruce installed as King; English victory in Ireland; Reinstatement of Anglo-Scottish border from reign of Alexander III of Scotland;
Belligerents
Kingdom of Scotland; ; Gaelic Ireland: Kingdom of Connacht; Kingdom of Thomond; Kingdom of Hy Many; Kingdom of Tyrconnell; Kingdom of Breffny; Kingdom of Oriel; Kingdom of Desmond; Kingdom of Moylurg;	Kingdom of England Lordship of Ireland; County Palatine of Durham;
Commanders and leaders
John Balliol #; William Wallace ; (Commander-in-chief until 1305); Robert I; (Commander-in-chief from 1305); John "Red" Comyn X; Andrew Moray (DOW); William the Hardy #; James Douglas; Thomas Randolph; Edward Bruce †; Simon Fraser ; Angus Og MacDonald; Walter Stewart	Edward I #; (1296–1307); Edward II X; (1307–1327); Edward III; (1327–1328); John de Warenne #; Aymer de Valence #; John of Brittany; Raymond Caillau †; Earl of Louth; Edmund Butler #; Maurice FitzGerald; Antony Bek #; Roger Mortimer

The First War of Scottish Independence was the first of a series of wars between England and Scotland. It lasted from the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 until the de jure restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton in 1328. De facto independence was established in 1314 following an English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn. The wars were caused by the attempts of the English kings to seize territory by claiming sovereignty over Scotland, while the Scots fought to keep both English rule and authority out of Scotland.

The First War of Scottish Independence should not be viewed in isolation from the Gascon War and Franco-Flemish War since Philip IV of France and Edward I of England sought allies in Scotland and Flanders as part of their initial conflict. John Balliol of Scotland allied himself with Philip IV of France in 1295 whilst Guy, Count of Flanders allied himself with Edward I of England.