Federation of Central America (1921–1922)
Federation of Central America Federación de Centro América | |||||||||||||||||
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| 1921–1922 | |||||||||||||||||
Coat of arms
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| Motto: Dios, Unión, Libertad "God, Union, Liberty" | |||||||||||||||||
A map of the federation (shaded) published in Daily News on 9 April 1921 | |||||||||||||||||
| Location | Central America | ||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Tegucigalpa | ||||||||||||||||
| Common languages | Spanish | ||||||||||||||||
| Demonym | Central American | ||||||||||||||||
| Government | Federal republic | ||||||||||||||||
| Legislature | National Constituent Assembly | ||||||||||||||||
| Senate | |||||||||||||||||
| Chamber of Deputies | |||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||
• Pact of Union | 19 January 1921 | ||||||||||||||||
• Established | 6 April 1921 | ||||||||||||||||
• Constitution | 9 September 1921 | ||||||||||||||||
• Guatemalan coup | 5 December 1921 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 29 January 1922 | ||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||
| 1921 | 262,010 km2 (101,160 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||
• 1921 | 4,100,000 | ||||||||||||||||
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| Today part of | El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras | ||||||||||||||||
The Federation of Central America (Spanish: Federación de Centro América) was a short-lived federal republic that existed in Central America between 1921 and 1922. The federation consisted of the Central American nations of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras.
The former members of the Federal Republic of Central America (1823–1841) wanted to restore a Central American union to counter United States influence in the region and to commemorate the centenary of Central American independence in 1921. Delegations from Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua drafted the Pact of Union of Central America in January 1921, and the pact was signed by the former four countries; Nicaragua refused to sign as it conflicted with the Bryan–Chamorro Treaty it had with the United States. By 6 April 1921, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras had ratified the pact, officially establishing the Federation of Central America. Costa Rica rejected the pact in June 1921 and never joined the federation.
The National Constituent Assembly convened in Tegucigalpa, Honduras in July 1921 and proclaimed a constitution on 9 September 1921. The federation's members ratified the constitution that same day and held federal legislative and executive elections in October 1921. In December 1921, General José María Orellana overthrew the Guatemalan government and the federation expelled Guatemala the following month. The Federation of Central America dissolved on 29 January 1922.