First Spanish Republic
Spanish Republic República Española | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1873–1874 | |||||||||
| Motto: Plus Ultra (Latin) Further Beyond | |||||||||
| Anthem: Himno de Riego Anthem of Riego | |||||||||
| Capital | Madrid | ||||||||
| Common languages | Spanish | ||||||||
| Religion | Catholicism | ||||||||
| Demonyms | Spaniard, Spanish | ||||||||
| Government | Federal semi-presidential republic | ||||||||
| President | |||||||||
• 1873 | Estanislao Figueras | ||||||||
• 1873 | Francesc Pi i Margall | ||||||||
• 1873 | Nicolás Salmerón | ||||||||
• 1873–1874 | Emilio Castelar | ||||||||
• 1874 | Francisco Serrano | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1874 | Juan de Zavala | ||||||||
• 1874 | P. Mateo Sagasta | ||||||||
| Legislature | Congress of Deputies | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Amadeo I abdicates | 11 February 1873 | ||||||||
| 12 July 1873 | |||||||||
| 29 December 1874 | |||||||||
| Currency | Spanish peseta | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | ES | ||||||||
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| History of Spain |
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19th century map of Spain |
| Timeline |
The Spanish Republic (Spanish: República española), historiographically referred to as the First Spanish Republic (Spanish: Primera República española), was the political regime that existed in Spain from 11 February 1873 to 29 December 1874.
The Republic was founded after the abdication of King Amadeo on 10 February 1873. On the next day a republic was proclaimed by a parliamentary majority made up of radicals, republicans and democrats. The period was beset by tensions between federal republicans and unitary republicans. The period also saw the end of compulsory conscription, the regulation of child labor and the abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico. The government inherited a state of war, the so-called Third Carlist War, ongoing since 1872, and the Ten Years' War in Cuba, ongoing since 1868, to which was added the Cantonal rebellion in 1873.
The January 1874 coup by General Manuel Pavía ousted the government, giving way to a military dictatorship under General Francisco Serrano. In December 1874, General Arsenio Martínez Campos proclaimed Alfonso XII king of Spain in Sagunto, bringing an end to the Republic and initiating the period of Spanish history known as the Bourbon Restoration.