Expulsion of congregations (1902–1903)

Expulsion of Religious Congregations (1902–1903)
Part of Anticlerical policies of the Third Republic
Émile Combes, President of the Council
Date1902–1903
LocationFrance
OutcomeClosure of 2,500 private educational institutions

The expulsion of religious congregations from France in the early 20th century was the second major wave of such expulsions, resulting from the Law of 1 July 1901 on associations. This law subjected religious congregations to an exceptional regulatory framework outlined in its Title III. These expulsions were primarily driven by Émile Combes, President of the Council of Ministers.