E5 (European Group of Five)

Not to be confused with European Group of Five.

The European Group of Five (E5) is a meeting of the defence ministers of Europe's five biggest defence spenders and largest military powers.

It was inaugerated in November 2024 in response to increased calls for European rearmament and increased leadership by Europe in providing support to Ukraine. Since its inauguration the E5 has met seven times (five times in 2025), and pledged to deepen cooperation across a number of areas. Representatives from NATO and the EU are usually also present at meetings of the format.

It is similar in provenance and purpose to the Weimar+ format which it pre-dates, but without including Spain, due to their low defence spending. Commentators have discussed the format "increasingly becoming the relevant forum to strengthen political and military cooperation on the continent."

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