Energy in Vietnam

Vietnam is a quickly growing developing economy with a relatively high growth in demand for energy. Vietnam has a diverse energy fuel resource of various types such as coal, natural gas, petroleum, hydropower and renewables such as solar and wind energy. Since the early 2020s, the country has been successful in renewable energy deployment, especially solar and wind power development.

While historically hydroelectric has been the dominate source of energy generation, coal has been the key power generation source since 2018. Coal accounted for about 30% of installed capacity and 47% of electricity generation in 2021. The high use of coal makes Vietnam an increasingly important emitter of carbon dioxide, contributing to climate change. Current energy policy predicts an increase in Natural gas in Vietnam to substitute for coal, but significant delays in deployment of gas infrastructure and disruptions like the 2026 War in Iran have slowed growth of the technology.

The energy infrastructure Vietnam is highly centralized with centralized state planning, and national industries such as state owned Petrovietnam controlling fossil fuel infrastructure. Current energy policy is dictated by the Power Development Plan 8, which had a revised version of the policy adopted in 2025.

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